ホームIMICライブラリMMWR抄訳2016年(Vol.65)CDC Grand Rounds:モデリングおよび・・・
MMWR抄訳
2016/12/09Vol. 65 / No. 48
MMWR65(48):1374-1377
CDC Grand Rounds: Modeling and Public Health Decision-Making
CDC Grand Rounds:モデリングおよび公衆衛生の政策決定
さまざまなデータソースを取り込み、世界各地における感染症の伝播をコンピューター化する数学的モデルは公衆衛生の政策決定をサポートする重要なツールであり、異なるシナリオの効力と実現可能性の評価および疾患の発現、拡大およびコントロールに関する見識をまとめるために使用される。過去10年において、数学的モデルは感染性疾患発症の可能性やその規模の予測に使用され、重症急性呼吸器症候群やパンデミックインフルエンザのアウトブレイクに対するリアルタイムでの緊急対応を可能とした。また、感染性疾患アウトブレイクや緊急事態に対する準備計画を改善し、エボラ出血熱のアウトブレイクの際はアメリカに拡大した場合の患者の治療計画、パンデミックH1N1アウトブレイク後はリスクの高い18歳未満の小児におけるインフルエンザ関連死または入院例を予測するモデルが開発された。これらのモデルによる予測データと実際のデータには乖離があるものの、過去のアウトブレイクから新たなデータを取り込むことでモデルをさらに改善し、より精度の高い予測が可能となり、公衆衛生政策を決定する上で重要な情報を与えうると思われる。
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