65歳以上の成人に対する最新の2023年～2024年のCOVID-19ワクチンの追加接種の使用: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practicesの推奨事項 ― アメリカ、2024年

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ホーム IMICライブラリ MMWR抄訳 2024年（Vol.73)65歳以上の成人に対する最新の2023年～2024･･･

MMWR抄訳

2024/04/25Vol. 73 / No. 16

MMWR73(16):377－381
Use of an Additional Updated 2023–2024 COVID-19 Vaccine Dose for Adults Aged ≥65 Years: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2024

65歳以上の成人に対する最新の2023年～2024年のCOVID-19ワクチンの追加接種の使用: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practicesの推奨事項 ― アメリカ、2024年

COVID-19のパンデミックが始まって以降、COVID-19に関連した重症疾患の全体的な減少にもかかわらず、COVID-19は依然として重要な公衆衛生上の脅威である。COVID-19関連の入院率は、65歳以上の成人では若年成人、青少年、小児と比較して依然として高い。2023年10月から2024年1月にかけては、すべてのCOVID-19関連の入院の67%が65歳以上の患者であった。2023年9月12日に、CDCのAdvisory Committee on Immunization Practices(ACIP)は、重症のCOVID-19に関連する疾患と死亡に対する防御のために、生後6か月以上のすべての人を対象に、一価XBB.1.5由来ワクチンによる2023年～2024年のCOVID-19ワクチン接種を推奨した。SARS-CoV-2は年間を通じて流行し続けており、65歳以上の人ではCOVID-19関連の重症疾患に対するリスクが高まっているため、最新のワクチンによってJN.1および現在流行しているその他の変異株に対して防御が提供される。また、ワクチンによってもたらされる疾患に対する防御が減少することが予想されるため、2024年2月28日に、ACIPは65歳以上のすべての人に対し、最新の(2023～2024年方式)COVID-19ワクチンを追加で1回接種することを推奨した。ACIPは、65歳以上の人に対する最新のCOVID-19ワクチンの追加接種が合理的かつ効率的な資源配分であるかどうかを検討した。65歳以上の人に対するCOVID-19ワクチンの追加接種による社会的な増分費用対効果比(ICER)は、ベース症例推定のための質調整生存年あたり25万5,122ドルであった。ICER値は、入院の確率、費用、季節性の仮定に影響される。基礎疾患のある人や75歳以上の人など、COVID-19に関連した入院のリスクが高い人の費用有効性を概算したICER値の推定値は、より良好であった。65歳以上の成人は、免疫力を増強し、重症のCOVID-19関連疾患のリスクを軽減するために、2023～2024年のCOVID-19ワクチンの追加接種を受けるべきである。

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