ホームIMICライブラリMMWR抄訳2013年(Vol.62)成人における非常に高い血中鉛濃度 ― アメリカ、2・・・
MMWR抄訳
2013/11/29Vol. 62 / No. 47
MMWR62(47):967-971
Very High Blood Lead Levels Among Adults — United States, 2002–2011
成人における非常に高い血中鉛濃度 ― アメリカ、2002~2011年
アメリカではここ数十年にて鉛の環境資源の減少、職業的な鉛曝露からの保護の改善により血中鉛濃度(BLL)の上昇例が減少しており、2009~2010年における成人の全国BLL幾何学的平均値は1.2μg/dLとなった。CDCはBLL≧10μg/dLを上昇例とし、Adult Blood Lead Epidemiology and Surveillance(ABLES)プログラムにてBLLの追跡を行っているが、Occupational Safety and Health Administrationは鉛への曝露により職場を離れた労働者のBLLが40μg/dLを下回った場合、仕事への復帰を許可している。2002~2011年、ABLESにて非常に高いBLL(≧40μg/dL)が11,536名に認められ、うち2,210名(19%)は2年以上にわたりこの値を維持していた。また、60μg/dLを超える成人は1,487名認められ、うち96名は2年以上維持していた。職業的曝露例は7,076名であり(40~59μg/dL:6,330名、60μg/dL以上:746名)、職種は製造業(それぞれ3,393名、253名)、建設業(1,575名、318名)、サービス業(555名、87名)、採掘業(428名、16名)であった。Healthy People 2020では、BLL上昇例を10%減少させることが目標として掲げられており、雇用者は職業的な鉛曝露を抑制、労働者は鉛曝露の予防を強化し、さらに鉛曝露例(BLL≧10μg/dL)に対する治療に関するガイドラインの利用について教育することが重要と考える。
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