ジカウイルス ― 2016年における10項目の公衆衛生の功績と今後の優先事項

日本語
English

ホーム IMICライブラリ MMWR抄訳 2017年（Vol.66)ジカウイルス ― 2016年における10項目の公衆･･･

MMWR抄訳

2017/01/06Vol. 65 / No. 52

MMWR65(52):1482－1488
Zika Virus — 10 Public Health Achievements in 2016 and Future Priorities

ジカウイルス ― 2016年における10項目の公衆衛生の功績と今後の優先事項

アメリカ地域へのジカウイルスに流入とその後の先天性小頭症の症例の増加は、CDCの応急対策拠点施設の活性化に結び付き、2016年2月1日にWHOにより国際的に懸念される公衆衛生上の緊急事態が宣言された。2016年12月15日現在、61の国々および地域で今回のアウトブレイクの一部として局地的なジカウイルス感染が報告されており、29の国々および地域では先天性ジカウイルス症候群の可能性ある症例が報告されている。昨年中、世界中の公衆衛生当局および研究者は妊婦を守るために協力し、医師および市民に情報を提供するとともに、ジカウイルスについての知識を向上させてきた。今回のレポートでは、ジカウイルスによりもたらされる危険への取り組みに寄与した10項目ついてまとめた。CDCはジカウイルスへの緊急対応として、アウトブレイクに関連する多くの公衆衛生のニーズ、および新規の公衆衛生サーベイランスや感染制御ツールの開発に迅速に取り組んできた。これには、1)妊婦に現在ジカウイルスが流行中の地域へ旅行しないよう警告する旅行ガイダンス、2)妊婦および乳児のケアのための臨床ガイダンス、3)ジカウイルス感染の性感染の確認、4)血液の安全性および使用可能性のモニタリング、5)臨床検査キットおよび試薬の開発および配布、6)妊娠中のジカウイルス感染と小頭症を含む重症の脳異常の因果関係の確立、7)リスクの大きさおよび乳児/胎児の全ての転帰を理解するために、ジカウイルスに感染した妊婦のデータの収集および分析、8)ジカウイルス感染の影響を減少させるための手段として、望まない妊娠を減らすための広範囲な避妊法へのアクセスの改善、9)ベクターコントロール戦略の実施および最良の実践の基礎となるエビデンスの構築、10) ギランバレー症候群とジカウイルス感染間の因果関係の理解の向上が挙げられる。妊娠中のジカウイルス感染の影響から妊婦および胎児、乳児を守るため、公衆衛生活動はベクターコントロールおよび個人の保護実践による蚊媒介性伝染の阻止、および適切な手法による性感染や望まない妊娠の防止に重点的に取り組むべきである。

References

CDC. CDC guidance for travel and testing of pregnant women and women of reproductive age for Zika virus infection related to the investigation for local mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission in Miami-Dade and Broward Counties, Florida. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2016. ＜https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00393.asp＞
CDC. CDC guidance for travel and testing of pregnant women and women of reproductive age for Zika virus infection related to the investigation for local mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission in Brownsville, Cameron County, Texas. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2016. ＜https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00399.asp＞
CDC. CDC expands guidance for travel and testing of pregnant women, women of reproductive age, and their partners for Zika virus infection related to mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission in Miami-Dade, Florida. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2016. ＜https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00394.asp＞
CDC. CDC updates guidance for travel and testing of pregnant women and women of reproductive age for Zika virus infection related to the ongoing investigation of local mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2016. ＜https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00396.asp＞
CDC. CDC updates guidance for pregnant women and women and men of reproductive age for Zika virus infection related to the ongoing investigation of local mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2016. ＜https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00398.asp＞
Petersen EE, Staples JE, Meaney-Delman D, et al. Interim guidelines for pregnant women during a Zika virus outbreak—United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:30–3. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6502e1＞
Staples JE, Dziuban EJ, Fischer M, et al. Interim guidelines for the evaluation and testing of infants with possible congenital Zika virus infection—United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:63–7. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6503e3＞
Oduyebo T, Petersen EE, Rasmussen SA, et al. Update: interim guidelines for health care providers caring for pregnant women and women of reproductive age with possible Zika virus exposure—United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:122–7. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6505e2＞
Petersen EE, Polen KN, Meaney-Delman D, et al. Update: interim guidance for health care providers caring for women of reproductive age with possible Zika virus exposure—United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:315–22. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6512e2＞
Oster AM, Russell K, Stryker JE, et al. Update: interim guidance for prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus—United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:323–5. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6512e3＞
Oduyebo T, Igbinosa I, Petersen EE, et al. Update: interim guidance for health care providers caring for pregnant women with possible Zika virus exposure—United States, July 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:739–44. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6529e1＞
Brooks JT, Friedman A, Kachur RE, LaFlam M, Peters PJ, Jamieson DJ. Update: interim guidance for prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus—United States, July 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:745–7. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6529e2＞
Petersen EE, Meaney-Delman D, Neblett-Fanfair R, et al. Update: interim guidance for preconception counseling and prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus for persons with possible Zika virus exposure—United States, September 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1077–81. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6539e1＞
Deckard DT, Chung WM, Brooks JT, et al. Male-to-male sexual transmission of Zika virus—Texas, January 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:372–4. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6514a3＞
Oster AM, Brooks JT, Stryker JE, et al. Interim guidelines for prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus—United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:120–1. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6505e1＞
CDC. Zika virus: case counts in the US. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2016. ＜https://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/united-states.html＞
Hills SL, Russell K, Hennessey M, et al. Transmission of Zika virus through sexual contact with travelers to areas of ongoing transmission—continental United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:215–6. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6508e2＞
Davidson A, Slavinski S, Komoto K, Rakeman J, Weiss D. Suspected female-to-male sexual transmission of Zika virus—New York City, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:716–7. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6528e2＞
Brooks RB, Carlos MP, Myers RA, et al. Likely sexual transmission of Zika virus from a man with no symptoms of infection—Maryland, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:915–6. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6534e2＞
Food and Drug Administration. Recommendations for donor screening, deferral, and product management to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmission of Zika virus. Silver Spring, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration; 2016. ＜http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/Blood/UCM486360.pdf＞
Vasquez AM, Sapiano MR, Basavaraju SV, Kuehnert MJ, Rivera-Garcia B. Survey of blood collection centers and implementation of guidance for prevention of transfusion-transmitted Zika virus infection—Puerto Rico, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:375–8. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6514e1＞
Food and Drug Administration. FDA allows use of investigational test to screen blood donations for Zika virus. Silver Spring, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration; 2016. ＜http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm493081.htm＞
Kuehnert MJ, Basavaraju SV, Moseley RR, et al. Screening of blood donations for Zika virus infection—Puerto Rico, April 3–June 11, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:627–8. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6524e2＞
Food and Drug Administration. Revised recommendations for reducing the risk of Zika virus transmission by blood and blood components. Silver Spring, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration; 2016. ＜http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/Blood/UCM518213.pdf＞
CDC. Guidance for U.S. laboratories testing for Zika virus infection. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2016. ＜https://www.cdc.gov/zika/pdfs/laboratory-guidance-zika.pdf＞
Martines RB, Bhatnagar J, de Oliveira Ramos AM, et al. Pathology of congenital Zika syndrome in Brazil: a case series. Lancet 2016;388:898–904. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30883-2＞
Martines RB, Bhatnagar J, Keating MK, et al. Notes from the field: evidence of Zika virus infection in brain and placental tissues from two congenitally infected newborns and two fetal losses—Brazil, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:159–60. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6506e1＞
Rasmussen SA, Jamieson DJ, Honein MA, Petersen LR. Zika virus and birth defects—reviewing the evidence for causality. N Engl J Med 2016;374:1981–7. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsr1604338＞
Honein MA, Jamieson DJ. Monitoring and preventing congenital Zika syndrome. N Engl J Med 2016;375:2393–4. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe1613368＞
Ellington SR, Devine O, Bertolli J, et al. Estimating the number of pregnant women infected with Zika virus and expected infants with microcephaly following the Zika virus outbreak in Puerto Rico, 2016. JAMA Pediatr 2016;170:940–5. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.2974＞
Cuevas EL, Tong VT, Rozo N, et al. Preliminary report of microcephaly potentially associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy—Colombia, February–November 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1409–13. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6549e1＞
Honein MA, Dawson A, Petersen EE, et al. Birth defects among fetuses and infants of US women with evidence of possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy. JAMA Pediatr 2016. E-pub December 13, 2016.
Johansson MA, Mier-y-Teran-Romero L, Reefhuis J, Gilboa SM, Hills SL. Zika and the risk of microcephaly. N Engl J Med 2016;375:1–4. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1605367＞
Tepper NK, Goldberg HI, Bernal MI, et al. Estimating contraceptive needs and increasing access to contraception in response to the Zika virus disease outbreak—Puerto Rico, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:311–4. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6512e1＞
Boulet SL, D’Angelo DV, Morrow B, et al. Contraceptive use among nonpregnant and postpartum women at risk for unintended pregnancy, and female high school students, in the context of Zika preparedness—United States, 2011–2013 and 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:780–7. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6530e2＞
Likos A, Griffin I, Bingham AM, et al. Local mosquito-borne transmission of Zika virus—Miami-Dade and Broward counties, Florida, June–August 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1032–8. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6538e1＞
Lorenzi OD, Major C, Acevedo V, et al. Reduced Incidence of chikungunya virus infection in communities with ongoing Aedes Aegypti mosquito trap intervention studies—Salinas and Guayama, Puerto Rico, November 2015–February 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:479–80. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6518e3＞
Cao-Lormeau VM, Blake A, Mons S, et al. Guillain-Barré Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: a case-control study. Lancet 2016;387:1531–9. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00562-6＞
dos Santos T, Rodriguez A, Almiron M, et al. Zika virus and the Guillain–Barré syndrome—case series from seven countries. N Engl J Med 2016;375:1598–601. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1609015＞
Petersen LR, Jamieson DJ, Powers AM, Honein MA. Zika Virus. N Engl J Med 2016;374:1552–63. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1602113＞
Dirlikov E, Major CG, Mayshack M, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome during ongoing Zika virus transmission—Puerto Rico, January 1–July 31, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:910–4. ＜http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6534e1＞
World Health Organization. Statement on the 5th Meeting of the Emergency Committee under the International Health Regulations (2005) regarding microcephaly, other neurological disorders and Zika virus. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2016. ＜http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2016/zika-fifth-ec/en/＞