バイタルサイン:病原菌が食品を介して伝染する感染症の発症率とその傾向－Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network、アメリカ国内10ヶ所、1996～2010年

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ホーム IMICライブラリ MMWR抄訳 2011年（Vol.60)バイタルサイン:病原菌が食品を介して伝染する感染症･･･

MMWR抄訳

2011/06/10Vol. 60 / No. 22

MMWR60(22):749－755
Vital Signs: Incidence and Trends of Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food － Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 1996-20101

バイタルサイン:病原菌が食品を介して伝染する感染症の発症率とその傾向－Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network、アメリカ国内10ヶ所、1996～2010年

CDC、国内10州の保健省、U.S. Department Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS)およびFDAによるFoodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet)は1996年以降、食品を介する感染症について調査を行っており、今回、2010年のデータが発表された。研究室レベルでの確診例は19,089例、うち4,247例が入院し、死亡例は68例であった。菌種別ではSalmonella感染症が8,256例(10万人あたり17.6)と最も多く、入院例は2,290例、死亡例は29例、年齢別では5歳未満の小児が最も多かった(10万人あたり69.5)。次いでCampylobacter(6,365例、10万人あたり13.6)、Shigella(1,780例、同3.8)、Cryptosporidium(1,290例、同2.8)、志賀毒素産生性大腸菌(STEC)non-O157(451例、同1.0)、STEC O157(442例、同0.9)、Vibrio(193例、同0.4)、Yersinia(159例、同0.3)、Listeria(125例、同0.3)、Cyclospora(28例、同0.1)と続いた。1996～1998年と比較した場合、6病原菌(Campylobacter、Listeria、Salmonella、STEC O157、Yersinia、Vibrio)による発症率は23%低下し、菌種別ではShigella(57%減)、Yersinia(52%減)、STEC O157(44%減)、Listeria(38%減)、Campylobacter(27%減)に対し、Vibrioによる発症率は115%増加していた。また、2006～2008年との比較ではSTEC O157およびShigella による発症率が有意に低下(ともに29%)、Vibrioによる発症率が有意に増加し(39%)、他は有意な変動は認めなかった。溶血性尿毒症症候群(HUS)による死亡例は2009年にて小児66例(うち38例は5歳未満)であり、2006～2008年に比べ5歳未満の小児の死亡例は36%減少していた。食品を介する感染症は予防可能な疾患である。STEC O157感染症の発症率が2010年の目標値(10万人あたり1.0以下)に達したように、他の病原菌による発症率も低下させることが可能であるため、食肉加工製造過程および調理過程における衛生対策の重要性が示唆される。

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